The novel “Yesterday and the Day Before Yesterday” (1945) was the last great work published during the lifetime of its author, the largest representative of modern Jewish literature in Hebrew, Nobel Prize winner Shmuel Yosef Agnon (1888-1970). The novel takes place in Palestine during the days of the second aliyah. The story centers on one of the first settlers in the land of Israel, who decides to return to the environment of religious Jews, familiar to him from childhood. The complex situations and intertwining motifs of the novel, the moral issues raised in it, the integrity and internal rhythm of the narrative make “Yesterday and the Day Before Yesterday” the pinnacle of Jewish literature.