In this book, Hannah Arendt collected seven essays from the thirties and forties: “On Imperialism”, “Organized Guilt”, “Hidden Tradition”, “The Jews of Yesterday’s World”, “Franz Kafka”, “Enlightenment and the Jewish Question”, “ Zionism Revisited." All essays - as stated in the Homage to Karl Jaspers that precede them - were written with an awareness of the Jewish fate in the twentieth century. This is the first evidence of Arendt's lifelong work on the “Jewish question.” They show how deeply her historical and political thinking was determined by the problem of Jewish identity and its transformation - from the Enlightenment to the post-war period.