The book is a collection of scientific articles and documents devoted to the fight against the heresies of Origenism and monoenergism of the great Orthodox theologian and philosopher of the 7th century. St. Maximus the Confessor. The first part of the book provides an original interpretation and analysis of the evolution of the theological position of St. Maximus in the course of polemics with monoenergism and its variety - monothelitism. The confessional feat of St. Maximus and his associates is reflected in the “Documents from Exile” presented here, which recreate the course of the trials of the saint and his associates. For the first time these materials were translated into Russian and published by prof. M. D. Muretov. In this edition, Muretov’s translation has been clarified, supplemented and commented on, taking into account modern petrological research. The second part of the book contains the Greek text and translation of one of the most important theological and philosophical works of St. Maximus - the 7th chapter from “Difficulties” (a work better known under the Latin title “Ambigua”), commentaries (scholia) to this treatise, as well as a translation of two works by Polycarp Sherwood, an outstanding researcher of the creative heritage of St. Maximus.