Alexandra Nikolaevna Strelnikova’s method of paradoxical breathing is one of the most popular breathing practices in our country. This is a lot of rapid movements of the body, and inhalations are performed at the end of the movements with the chest compressed or unable to expand. That is why gymnastics is called “paradoxical”. Gymnastics is recommended for asthma and chronic diseases of the bronchi and lungs; rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia; diabetes mellitus and its complications; neuroses and neurogenic diseases; hypertension; peptic ulcer (outside exacerbations); coronary heart disease. In addition, gymnastics according to Strelnikova activates the human immune system, helps to overcome stressful conditions, get rid of excess weight and nicotine addiction. The method is an effective additional tool in the treatment of long-term chronic diseases.