At the most critical moment, when it seemed that Russia had lost the war, Emperor Nicholas II, once again sacrificing himself, took over the supreme command, and the seemingly hopeless retreat stopped. But this sacrifice of Nicholas II was not appreciated by either the people or society, and his role in commanding the army during the First World War has not yet been studied. Why did Emperor Nicholas II take over the supreme command, what was his contribution to the leadership of the troops, why, having finally brought the country to the threshold of victory, was he overthrown from the throne with the active assistance of the army elite? This work tries to answer these questions.