The purpose of the study is to compare the ideological basis and political practice of modern political conservatism in the West, to track the trend of its development and the socio-political factors that determine its condition, and the resurgent conservative movement in Russia. On the basis of this comparison, the most significant provisions of the concept of “conservatism for development” are proposed, which could serve as the basis for a civil society dialogue about Russia’s development paths. The book summarizes the historical experience of Western conservatism and the views of modern Russian conservatives. Comments, judgments, interpretations of various aspects of the theory and practice of conservatism belong to 50 respected experts - Russian and foreign. The publication is addressed to a wide range of readers.