The famous Russian philosopher and methodologist, starting from the semiotic research of his teacher G.P. Shchedrovitsky, sets out his own results of many years of work in this area. Unlike other semioticians, V. Rozin’s semiotic theory includes not only the doctrine of signs and their types, but original concepts of schemes as semiotic formations, mental realities, semiotic organisms (cognition and art). Based on the semiotic approach, the author manages to explain the human phenomenon, some features of art and scientific creativity, and finally, esoteric experience and ideas.