Creativity and thinking are discussed in the book of the famous Russian philosopher and cultural scientist, on the one hand, in the context of individual creativity, on the other, in the context of time and culture. The works of a number of famous philosophers, esoteric figures, scientists and artists of our civilization are analyzed, which allows Vadim Rozin to reconstruct the features of their thinking and creativity. The author tries to show that thinking is as much a product of personal self-realization as it is a filiation of ideas, ideas, ways of working, independent of the individual, and, more broadly, cultural experience. And creativity necessarily presupposes the coincidence and synergy of personality and culture, efforts to realize one’s values, aspirations and respond to the objective demands and challenges of the time. The book will be interesting and necessary both for scientists and philosophers, and for any educated person who wants to understand how works of philosophy, science and art were created in our culture, and what role the circumstances of the lives and personalities of the creators themselves played in this.