Grigory Yavlinsky’s article “Compensation tax and problems of protecting property rights” in the international collective monograph “The Rule of Law as a Factor in the Economy” (pp. 21-44). This book continues the cycle of research begun by the collective monograph “The Rule of Law and Problems of Ensuring It in law enforcement practice" (2009). The authors explore the phenomenon of the rule of law and its fundamental importance for the improvement of society and successful economic development. According to the authors, in Russia the principles of the rule of law have not been implemented and the lack of progress in this direction, like nothing else, contributes to the degradation of economic, legal and social institutions: the market is deformed by the system of extracting “administrative rent”, corruption is rapidly growing, business activity is dying out, etc. .d. The authors' conclusion: further successful economic development of Russia is possible only in the conditions of implementation of the principles of the rule of law. For a wide range of lawyers, economists, politicians and specialists in the field of lawmaking, law enforcement, legal theory, and economics.