The monograph is devoted to the analysis of the transition to a market economy in Russia, economic institutions that are extremely important in the transition stages, and the economic incentives necessary for the successful functioning of these institutions. The work discusses in detail the most essential components of economic processes. For specialists in the field of economic theory, as well as for all students of transitional economics, teachers, graduate students and students of economic faculties. The book will also be of interest to those who study political history and political science.