The book presents the first complete Russian translation of "Vishnu-smriti", one of the largest dharmashastras - collections of ancient Indian rules and regulations regulating a person's personal life and containing legal, religious, moral, ethical and other norms of behavior. The preface provides a comprehensive analysis of the monument, allowing us to reconsider its dating and place in Sanskrit dharma literature. The translation is provided with commentary and extensive reference material. CONTENTS: Preface 14VISHNU-SMRITI. Translation 73Chapter 1 [Introductory: cosmogony, description of the Earth goddess, praise of the god Vishnu] 75 205Chapter 2 [Four varnas: their definition, purpose and dharmas] 80 208Chapter 3 [Duties of the king (rajadharma); appointment of officials and taxation norms] 80 209Chapter 4 [Measures of weight] 84 210Chapter 5 [Punishments for various crimes] 85 211Chapter 6 [Regulations regulating relations between debtors and creditors] 92 213Chapter 7 [Legality of documents: three types of documents] 94 213Chapter 8 [Witnesses] 95 214Chapter 9 [General rules for conducting ordeals] 97 214Chapter 10 [ Trial by the Scales] 98 215Chapter 11 [Trial by Fire] 99Chapter 12 [Trial by Water] 100Chapter 13 [Trial by Poison] 100Chapter 14 [Test by Blessed Water] 101 215Chapter 15 [Twelve Kinds of Sons, Their Share in Inheritance; Disinheritance] 101 216Chapter 16 [Sons ya , born from mixed marriages] 103 217Chapter 17 [Divided family, joint family; rules of inheritance in case of childlessness; “woman’s property” - stridhana] 104 217Chapter 18 [Division of inheritance between children from wives from different varnas] 105 218Chapter 19 [Carrying out the dead bodies, cremation; desecration at death; praise of the Brahmanas] 107 219Chapter 20 [Duration of the four yugas, manvantara, kalpa, mahakalpa, “day and night of Brahma”; ritual exhortations on the occasion of death] 108 219Chapter 21 [Funeral rituals: ekoddishta and sapindikarana-sraddha] 111 220Chapter 22 [Duration of impurity after death and birth of relatives; mourning; defilement and purification by touching ritually unclean objects and people] 113 221Chapter 23 [Purification of objects] 118 222Chapter 24 [Various forms of marriage] 121 225Chapter 25 [Responsibilities of married women] 123 226Chapter 26 [On the rules of joint performance of rituals] 124Chapter 27 [Rituals life cycle] 124 226Chapter 28 [Responsibilities and behavior of students] 126 227Chapter 29 [Categories of teachers] 128 229Chapter 30 [Start time teaching the Vedas; instructions when to interrupt the study of the Vedas] 129 230Chapter 31 [Reverence for father, mother and teacher] 130 231Chapter 32 [Reverence for elders] 131Chapter 33 [Three sources of sin: passion, anger and greed] 132Chapter 34 [Atipataka, or “the worst sins”] 132Chapter 35 [Mahapataka, or "great sins"] 133Chapter 36 [Anupataka, or "severe sins"] 133 231Chapter 37 [Upapataka, or "less serious sins"] 134 232Chapter 38 [Jatibhramshakara, or "sins leading to loss of caste" ] 134Chapter 39 [Samkarikarana, or "sins leading to birth in a mixed caste"] 135Chapter 40 [Apatrikarana, or "sins leading to loss of the right to receive charity"] 135 232Chapter 41 [Mala-avaha (malinikarana), or "sins , causing desecration"] 135 232Chapter 42 [Prakirna, or “various sins”] 136Chapter 43 [Hells: a list of various hells for sinners] 136 232Chapter 44 [Rebirth of sinners among animals] 137 233Chapter 45 [Various diseases of sinners] 139 233Chapter 46 [Krichchhra repentance, other types of repentance] 139 233Chapter 47 [Repentance of Chandrayaan] 141 234Chapter 48 [Repentance of a Yavakavrata] 141 235Chapter 49 [Rite of veneration of Vasudeva] 143 238Chapter 50 [Repentance for killing a brahmana and other people, for killing a cow and other animals] 143 239Chapter 51 [Repentance for drinking alcohol and other forbidden things substances when eating prohibited food; strict condemnation of carnivory] 145 240Chapter 52 [Repentance for thefts] 150 242Chapter 53 [Repentance for defiling sexual relations] 151Chapter 54 [Repentance for communication with sinners; other actions leading to desecration] 151 242Chapter 55 [Secret repentance; the greatness of the hymn "Gayatri"] 154 243Chapter 56 [Sacred purifying Vedic hymns] 155Chapter 57 [With whom communication should be avoided; from whom gifts and food should/should not be accepted] 156Chapter 58 [Three types of property: pure, unclean and mixed] 157Chapter 59 [Injunctions for the householder; Various types of sacrifices that the household should be performed] 158 243 heads 60 [cleansing the body at dawn] 159 244 heads 61 [teeth cleansing] 160 244 heads 62 [Rules for the execution of Achaumana] 161 245 Glavs 63 [Proposures to start the trip; Good and bad omenary] 161 246 Chapter 64 [Instructions for daily ritual baths and libations to the gods and ancestors] 163 248Chapter 65 [Worship of Vasudeva] 164 248Chapter 66 [General rules for the veneration of gods and ancestors] 165 250Chapter 67 [Vaisvadeva Ceremony. Honoring guests] 166 250Chapter 68 [Regulations regarding the times and manner of eating] 168 253Chapter 69 [Restrictions on sexual relations with the wife] 170 253Chapter 70 [Regulations regarding sleep] 170 253Chapter 71 [General rules of conduct for the householder] 171 253Chapter 72 [Composure] 172Chapter 73 [Sraddha - general instructions] 174 255Chapter 74 [Ashtaka-and anvashtaka-sraddha] 176 257Chapter 75 [Ancestors for whom sraddha is performed] 177 258Chapter 76 [Time for carrying out nitya-sraddha] 177 258Chapter 77 [Time for performing tika-sraddha] 177 258Chapter 78 [Seven days of the week, twenty-seven constellations, fifteen lunar days recommended for performing Kamya-sraddha] 178 258Chapter 79 [Forbidden and recommended for sraddha] 179 259Chapter 80 [Recommended for sraddha] 180 260Chapter 81 [Rules for conducting sraddha] 181 260Chapter 82 [Who should not take part in sraddha] 182 261Chapter 83 [Who can take part in sraddha] 182 263Chapter 84 [Places prohibited for performing sraddha] 183 263Chapter 85 [Sacred places for performing sraddha ] 183 264Chapter 86 [Ritual of "letting go of the bull"] 184 275Chapter 87 [Ritual of donating the skin of a black antelope] 185 276Chapter 88 [Ritual of giving a cow] 186 277Chapter 89 [Sacred bath during the month of Kartik] 186 277Chapter 90 [Praise various gifts; donations in the months of Margashirsha, Pausaimagha] 187 278Chapter 91 [Religious merits acquired during the construction of public reservoirs and other good deeds] 189 279Chapter 92 [Donation of land, cow, gold, etc.] 190 280Chapter 93 [Religious merits depending on the one to whom the gift is intended] 191 280Chapters 94-95 [Prescriptions for forest hermits (vanaprastha)] 192 281Chapter 96 [Sannyasins: their life and duties. Anatomy of the human body] 193 282Chapter 97 [Meditation on Vishnu. Various types of concentration] 196 286Chapter 98 [Praise of Vasudeva by the Earth Goddess] 198 287Chapter 99 [Praise of Goddess Lakshmi by the Earth Goddess] 199 288Chapter 100 [Praise of the Dharmashastra. The benefits that its study brings] 201 Commentary 203 Appendices 2891. Index of parallel fragments of “Vishnu-smriti” in other texts 2912. Mantras in “Vishnu-smriti” 3323. Dictionary of terms and mythological names 3534. Dictionary of flora 367 List of abbreviations 385 Bibliography 387 Index 399 Summ ary 419