There is a fairly important group of principles for the study of scientific knowledge, which can be obtained by simple development of considerations concerning the general place of conscious experience in the system of nature, described in it physically (that is, not in terms of consciousness, “subject”). The resulting life-like features of cognitive formations, the limitations of the observer’s position in his relation to the world of knowledge, etc. give rise to a legitimate question about the special space and time of knowledge as a natural historical object. This book is devoted to these questions.