At the turn of the 20th century, the Viennese psychiatrist Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) managed to find an approach that made it possible to shed light on the vast and dark world of the human subconscious. His creative path was not easy. Initially, Freud's innovative works were not taken seriously by academic science. At the same time, he was criticized not only by ill-wishers, but also by his students. Nevertheless, he is the founder of modern psychology. Even those psychologists who do not accept his views are still forced to admit that their own approaches were developed through a dispute with Freud and his supporters.