This book contains unique materials and documents devoted to the problems of the German occupation on the territory of the USSR and collaboration among Soviet citizens during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). Along with general issues related to general issues related to the period of occupation, the book analyzes such little-known aspects of it as the national policy of the Germans and the political cooperation of the local population with the occupiers. The author pays special attention to the history of the so-called “eastern” volunteer formations of the Wehrmacht and SS troops, recruited from among the citizens of the USSR, the organization, training and use of which took place during the war.