The monograph presents the results of research by employees of the laboratory of psychological problems of education of the State Research Institute of Family and Education. The monograph reveals the determinants of personality development in the family: the influence of the child’s position in the family structure on personality development, the influence of coordination and mismatch of parents’ images on the formation of the child’s personal qualities, features of personality development in mono-ethnic and multi-ethnic families, as well as gender aspects. For teachers and students , psychologists-consultants and social workers.