The name of the ancient Chinese thinker Lao Tzu, who lived in China in the 6th–5th centuries. BC e., can be translated as “Old Child.” (Although this hieroglyph can also be translated as “Old Sage.”) Lao Tzu is the founder of ancient Chinese teaching, the essence of which is set out in the treatise “Tao Te Ching”. The book presents the first translation of Lao Tzu's treatise, made in 1894 by the Japanese scholar, Tolstoyan, graduate of the seminary at the Russian Theological Academy in Tokyo Konishi Masutaro, baptized Daniil Petrovich Konissi.