A collection of articles by one of the greatest thinkers of our time, the German philosopher Jurgen Habermas, is devoted to the problem of the relationship between theory and practice in the conditions of modern scientific and technological civilization. He traces the uniqueness of these relationships both through the example of the role played by science and technology in modern society, and through the example of the processes of instrumentalization and scientificization of politics characteristic of the political and social history of the 20th century, which entail a threat to the undivided power of technocratic consciousness over the course of social development. All texts are published in Russian for the first time.