The entrepreneur is a key figure in a free market economy. Labor, capital, scientific knowledge and other “factors of production” do not operate until they are touched by the talent of the entrepreneur. Under the condition of a perfect market and full competition, an entrepreneur, working in his own favor, simultaneously brings the maximum benefit to the entire society. The book offered to the reader’s attention is one of the very few written over the past 75 years, while the “first socialist state” existed in the world - about an entrepreneur from a non-socialist position and a Russian author. It first saw the light in 1940 in Harbin, but during the World War it almost did not spread. Today, its republication is relevant not only because it contains facts and arguments of lasting importance. Written during the years of the global crisis, when communism, fascism, and capitalism, which was being rebuilt in a social way, tried to give their answers to the basic questions of national economic life, it examines all these phenomena in fresh footsteps. Half a century later, when the same issues are being discussed anew in Russia, such a view from the past is very important. Finally, the book is also valuable because it combines theory and practice: its main author, lawyer G. K. Gins, wrote it in close collaboration with Harbin industrialist L. G. Tsykman.