The monograph examines the works of leading Chinese scientists - specialists in Russia and Russian-Chinese relations - that have appeared in China in recent years. The history of Marxism, socialism, the CPSU and the USSR is discussed by Chinese scientists from the point of view of the modern interpretation by the Communist Party of China of what is interpreted there as “Sinicized Marxism” and “Chinese original socialism”. Publications on the history of bilateral relations between Russia and China, on the problem “ inequality" in our relations, about the "Sino-Soviet war" (as Chinese ideologists call the border conflicts of the 1960s-1970s) and other periods in the history of our relations. Many Chinese materials on which the monograph is based are introduced into scientific circulation in Russia for the first time.