The world's most famous and honorable prize, the Nobel Prize, is awarded annually for outstanding scientific research, revolutionary inventions, contributions to culture or social development. This book will focus on prize winners in physiology or medicine. At the time of writing, 210 prizes have been awarded to 219 winners. Of these, we have selected 30 - those whose works are widely used, the meaning of which is known to everyone, and the essence is clear to any person without special education - who is not indifferent to medicine and their own health. The discoveries are combined by topic and collected in six chapters devoted to physiology, genetics, pathogens , medical methods and pharmacology. You can start reading from any chapter - from the topic that seems most interesting to you.