Soviet art of the 1920s, about which many scientific and popular science works have been written, is often perceived as a single aesthetic movement, inspired by the idea of building a new socialist culture. However, the cultural landscape of the era was shaped not only by radical and innovative projects of the artistic avant-garde. The book “The Soviet Twenties” is a kind of introduction to the visual practices of the decade. The first chapter is an overview of the main movements in the visual arts of the 1920s, the second talks about architecture from the perspective of the New York exhibition of 1932, the third is devoted to the photographic practices of the avant-garde, and the fourth is about different approaches to “montage-texture cinema” associated with the names of Lev Kuleshov, Sergei Eisenstein, Dziga Vertov and Esther Shub. The authors propose to look at the Soviet twenties as a period in which there was a place for conservatism, nostalgia, pragmatic compromises, disagreements among representatives of left-wing art, and contradictions between declarations and artistic practice.