The book is dedicated to identifying the specifics of realism presented in the analytical philosophy of the 20th century. The problem of realism is examined in the context of an ontological approach, based on an analysis of the structure of the language with which we talk about reality. The evolution of the ideas of leading analytical philosophers (B. Russell, L. Wittgenstein, R. Carnap, W. W. O. Quine, P. Strawson, D. Davidson, etc.) about the connection between language and reality is traced, the concepts of M Dammit and H. Putnam on the nature of analytical realism. The book is addressed to philosophers, historians of philosophy and culture, and everyone interested in the development of metaphysics in the 20th century. It can be useful both to students studying modern philosophy and to specialists working in the field of studying key ontological and metaphysical problems of modern philosophical thought.