The famous Chinese philosopher Zhu Xi (1130-1200) is considered to be the founder of Neo-Confucianism. The philosophical heritage of Zhu Xi, which consists mostly of conversations and correspondence between the teacher and his students and colleagues, has been preserved mainly in the form of thematic codes compiled after his death, one of which is a code of 66 compiled at the direction of Emperor Kang-xi in 1713 volumes (juan). The reader is offered a translation of the 44th juan, which is entirely devoted to consciousness in its Zhuxian intellectual and psychological understanding and the role of consciousness in the process of personal self-improvement. The publication also includes an introductory article, a commentary on the translation and a grammatical essay. CONTENTS: Preface 13 A.S. Martynov Confucianism and the problem of consciousness 15 Part 1. Classical Confucianism and the problem of consciousness 15 Part 2. Neo-Confucianism and the problem of consciousness 57 ABOUT CONSCIOUSNESS (XIN) 101 Commentary 151 GRAMMARICAL ESSAY ZHU SI 173 Introduction 174 Substitute words 180 Pronouns 180 Personal pronouns 180 Reflexive pronouns 187 Interrogative pronouns 190 Demonstrative pronouns 192 Determinative pronouns 198 Place predicatives 202 Substitutes of the numeral - . 210 Adverbs 214 Indicators of verb tense 214 Negations 218 Functional words with a collective meaning 229 Restrictive adverbs 233 Adverbs ge, Hu, tsai, Shfu, S'J be 236 Adverbs Jb nai If] ji and ff byya 240 Adverbs and and fee 241 Prepositions and postpositions 242Preposition Shjiang 243Preposition zai 243Prepositions Sh dao and Ts zhi 244Preposition fit Chui 245Preposition sfc jiu 246Preposition \ъ dan 247Preposition Ш yun 247Preposition Ш zhao 247Preposition fqj xiang 248Postpositions 248Constructions with zhe and pfj с 250Constructions with the function word zhe 250Constructions with function word pjf with 255 Coupling sentence 260 Coupling L. shi 261 Coupling Shch wei 266 Passive construction 270 Causative construction 274 Some issues of word formation 275 Modifiers 275 Morphemes jiang and jiao 278 Noun suffixes 279 Classifiers 281 Definition indicators 284 Some types of complex sentences 287 Particles 299 Particles Ш sui, jo M'J Ch 33 299 Particles fu and Ts gai 300 Particle and 302Fee Particle 303T Liao Particle 305Zai Particle 305Qi Particle 306Z Particle; jjfjf yun'er 306 Particles forming an alternative question 307 Particle JffS e 308 Particle hu 309 Particle Sh qi 309 Particle Sh yu 310 Particle Shchi 310 Particle er and combination Shch V erai 311 Abbreviations of texts 313 Literature 314Summary 31 6