The monograph is a general work designed to highlight various aspects of the ministry of the Orthodox clergy of Sakhalin Island in the second half of the 19th century. The pastoral activity of the clergy of Sakhalin took place in harsh conditions that required apostolic ascetic labor and the highest degree of self-denial. Conducting a mission among the indigenous peoples and spiritual care of the exiled convict population of the island was associated with numerous risks to the life and health of the clergy. Despite all the difficulties of island reality, the activities of the clergy of Sakhalin Island generally corresponded to the ideals of pastoral service and the basic principles of Orthodox missionary.