The purpose of this textbook is to introduce undergraduates and graduate students studying in the specialties “political science” and “international relations” to the main trends of world political thought in the era of late Modernity (Modernity). The main attention is paid to the ontological, epistemological and methodological foundations of the analysis of modern international and domestic political processes. A special feature of the course is the combination of presentation of the most important political theories through the views of representatives of the most influential schools and currents of political thought with training in their practical use in political analysis, as well as the interpretation of “iconic” texts. For undergraduates and graduate students studying in the direction of “International Relations”, as well as for everyone who is interested in various aspects of international relations and world politics and begins to study them.