"Principles of Archaeology" is an attempt to axiomatize archaeological science, i.e. reduction of its foundations to a small number of principles from which the whole variety of its laws, methods and concepts can be logically deduced. The author proposes to solve this problem by creating a dialectical archeology: to derive unified solutions from the opposing principles of interpretation and research logic. The book is intended for all archaeologists, but will also be of interest to representatives of other sciences.