This publication examines various aspects of the military affairs of the Chukchi throughout the era known to us from written and other sources, starting from the second half of the 17th century, when the Chukchi first encountered the Siberian Cossacks, and up to the beginning of the 20th century, when clashes still occurred based on blood feud. Information is drawn on neighboring peoples, Asian and American Eskimos, Koryaks and Russians, which makes it possible to better reveal the peculiarities of the Chukchi military affairs.