The purpose of this book is to present the theoretical foundations of the psychology of general human abilities (intelligence, learning ability, creativity). It analyzes the most famous and influential models of intelligence (R. Cattell, C. Spearman, L. Thurstone, D. Wexler, J. Guilford, G. Eysenck, E. P. Torrance, etc.), as well as data from the latest and classical experiments in the field of research of general abilities, describes modern tools for psychodiagnostics of intelligence and creativity. The appendix contains the original methodological developments of the laboratory headed by the author at the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The richness of information, the correctness of presentation, and the integrity of the author’s scientific position will certainly attract the attention of everyone who is interested in psychology, pedagogy, and sociology to this book.