This volume continues the publication of the works of G. G. Shpet. This volume presents the fundamental basis of his philosophical work: the problem of comprehending sociocultural existence, understanding the meaning of culture. This theme is reflected in the works created by Shpet during his work at the State Academy of Artistic Sciences (GAKhN): “Aesthetic fragments” (1922-1923), “Problems of modern aesthetics” (1923), “Theater as art” (1922), “Internal form of the word" (1927), etc. Shpet's works are given in new texts and a new composition, being newly prepared from manuscripts stored in the family archive, the Department of Manuscripts of the RSL, TsGALI. Series "Russian Propylaea".