The book "Principles of the Origin of Species. Two Essays Written in 1842 and 1844" by the famous author Charles Darwin is a key work that caused a revolution in scientific opinion about the origin of the diversity of life on Earth. In these essays, Darwin considers the laws of natural selection as the main mechanism for the evolution of species. The author rationally proposes a theory according to which organisms that are best adapted to environmental conditions have a greater chance of survival and passing on their genetic characteristics to their offspring. In his essays, Charles Darwin not only illuminates the principles of natural selection, but also reveals the depths of natural history and explores questions that remain relevant even in modern biology. This book is a source of inexhaustible knowledge about how the evolutionary process determines the development of living organisms, and became an important step on the way to understanding the nature of the world around us.