“Parerga und Paralipomena” is a work by the famous German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer (German: Arthur Schopenhauer, 1788-1860). *** This is systematic information about various kinds of subjects, in particular about freedom as a supersensible expression. Other works by A. Schopenhauer are “On the Will in Nature”, “On Free Will”, “On the Basis of Morality”, “Two Basic Problems of Ethics”, “On the Fourfold Root of the Law of Sufficient Reason” and “The World as Will and Representation”. Arthur Schopenhauer was called the "pessimistic philosopher": he considered the existing world "the worst possible", in contrast to the German thinker Gottfried Leibniz.