Cesare Lombroso is an outstanding Italian psychiatrist and criminologist who devoted his life to studying the nature of madness and the psychology of the criminal. He was the first to put forward the idea of crime as an innate character trait, drawing the attention of criminologists not to the crime committed, but to the inner world of the person who committed it. He developed a special formula by which, based on the measurement of the skull and other parts of the body, it is possible to determine the degree of a person’s propensity for a criminal act; classified various manifestations of antisocial behavior in women; explored the connections between genius and mental abnormalities using examples from the biographies of prominent personalities. Despite the categorical judgments and sometimes fantastic conclusions, Lombroso’s works are read today with great interest. In these works, the reader can get acquainted with numerous criminal stories of the past, unexpected statistical calculations, interesting facts from the lives of famous people, and, finally, immerse themselves in the world of clinical and psychoanalytic thought of the nineteenth century.