Classic labour, making glory of the French historian, is first translated into the Russian language.The first edition of the work sanctified to history of Mediterranean in the second half of the XVI century (but far going beyond these chronologic and geographical scopes) appeared in 1949 It paid attention on itself by generalization of experience of a few generations of historians of different countries, including innovative researches of school of "Annals", and also by originality of historical method of Броделя. He entered in everyday life of concept of historical segments of large duration, structures and states of affairs, on a background that concrete events, "dust of daily occurence", are examined. Pioneer was also the complex going near the study of whole region that was at that time for Europeans by focus of the whole world, in his totality, with an exit outside usual political scopes and historical stereotypes, and main, in co-operating with a natural environment.