The book "The Moral and Intellectual Diversity of the Races with Special Reference to Their Interactions in the Civil and Political History of Mankind" by the well-known French writer Arthur Gobineau, Comte de Gobineau, is an essay work that explores the diversity of races and their influence on human history. The author expresses his views on the cultural and intellectual heritage of different races, and also considers issues of morality and ethics in the context of racial diversity. This book caused a significant feat in the world of scientific and theoretical thinking of its time, but in our time its ideas have become the subject of controversy and criticism.