A book that you hold before itself is not collection of advices to the parents, not practical guidance on education of children. It is a look to the phenomenon of childhood the eyes of anthropologist. Childhood is the stage of life cycle between infancy and teens people have that only. Did it arise up so from where? And why is it needed from the point of view of evolution - for a height, development, educating or for something yet? An author tries to answer on these questions, investigating a that enthralling border, where biology runs into a culture, where parents and their children are pushed slightly in one side by their nature, and in other is a culture. An author voices hope, that, reading this work, parents and all, so or differently participating to education of children, thoughtful about that they do, why they do it so, but not differently, and that, maybe, I am and another methods to help our children to enter adult life, what those, that accepted in our, western, to the culture.