This is a chapter from Alexander Tyurin’s new book “The Truth about Nicholas I. The Slandered Emperor.” The author believes that it is a completely independent material, which covers in some detail both the history of Polish expansion into Western Russian lands and the era of the fall of Polish rule there. Materials on this topic can be read on the website “Western Rus'” .zapadrus.su/The text of the book was translated from the original language using an artificial intelligence program. For the most part, the translation of the text is of very high quality, but in some cases, due to the imperfection of the technology, there may be incorrect phrase translations in the text, as well as single words and expressions may not be translated.