The article “What is Oblomovism?”, being one of the most brilliant examples of Dobrolyubov’s literary and critical skill, the breadth and originality of his aesthetic thought, was at the same time of great importance as a programmatic socio-political document. The article comprehensively argued for the need for a speedy severance of all historically established contacts of Russian revolutionary democracies with the liberal-noble intelligentsia, the opportunistic and objectively reactionary essence of which was considered by Dobrolyubov as ideological Oblomovism, as an indicator and direct consequence of the decomposition of the ruling class, as the main danger at this stage of the liberation struggle.