The reader is invited to one of the key works of Lev Shestov, perhaps the most original and paradoxical thinker of the Silver Age. The book is devoted to a topic that occupied the minds of many thinkers, from Tolstoy to Nietzsche, from Luther to Dostoevsky, and which declared itself with renewed vigor at the dawn of the great upheavals of the 20th century, the topic of the confrontation between the biblical and Hellenic principles of European thought, revelation and speculation, faith and reason. The publication is accompanied by an introductory article by the philosopher and historian of philosophy A. V. Akhutin.