Butovskaya Marina Lvovna - Doctor of Historical Sciences, anthropologist, head. Center for Evolutionary Anthropology of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prof. Center for Social Anthropology of the Russian State University for the Humanities. Area of scientific interests: ethology of humans and primates, human evolution, anthropology of gender, conflictology. The author of two hundred scientific publications, including five monographs and textbooks. The book introduces the reader to modern ideas about the evolution of human sexual behavior. The book proposes a reconstruction of sexual relations at different stages of human evolution and substantiates the connection between the formation of stable couples between the sexes and the prolongation of infancy and childhood. The issue of the connection between sex and reproduction in modern society is discussed. The publication is intended for anthropologists, psychologists, cultural experts, sociologists, advertising and marketing specialists, and a wide range of readers.