Based on the conclusions of the New Chronology, a significantly different view of our past arises. According to the authors’ reconstruction, until the beginning of the 17th century, the civilized world was united under the rule of a single Great Medieval Russian Empire, the capital of which in the 14th–15th centuries was mostly located in Vladimir-Suzdal Rus'. The second capital of the same Empire is the city of Istanbul (Constantinople) in Turkey. Perhaps that is why the coat of arms of the Empire was an eagle with two heads. At the beginning of the 17th century, the Empire disintegrated in the fire of the Great Troubles into many independent states of Europe and Asia. The new rulers tried to erase memories of the Great Empire from the memory of people. For this purpose, a false “Scaligerian” version of chronology was invented and introduced. This is what they teach in school today. However, it was not possible to destroy everything. Numerous traces of the existence of the Great Empire remain. The book is intended for the widest circles of readers. Reading it does not require special knowledge. All you need is an interest in Russian and world history and a desire to understand its mysteries. Third edition, corrected and expanded.