The revolution that took place in Russia in 1917 and its consequences largely determined the development of the whole world in the 20th century. Historians, economists, political scientists, sociologists have argued and continue to argue about its causes, nature, time limits and consequences.The collection presents estimates that were given to the economic factors and consequences of the revolution by both economists who lived at that time, and and modern researchers. In this book, the revolution is viewed as a single process that began in February 1917 and continued until the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Civil War. Therefore, the works of contemporaries of the revolution included in the collection refer primarily to the period of war communism. The whole palette of opinions about the revolution is presented: the works of both the Bolsheviks and their critics are included - from anarchists to monarchists.The book is intended both for specialist historians and for everyone who is interested in those periods when the fate of Russia was decided.