John Maynard Keynes, (eng. John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes; June 5, 1883, Cambridge - April 21, 1946, Tilton estate, Sussex) - English economist, founder of the Keynesian trend in economic theory. Arose under the influence The ideas of John Maynard Keynes later became known as Keynesianism. Considered one of the founders of macroeconomics as an independent science. In addition, Keynes created an original theory of probability, not related to the axiomatics of Laplace, von Mises or Kolmogorov, based on the assumption that probability is a logical, not a numerical relation.