The work brought to your attention was prepared by professors of the Faculty of Philosophy of Moscow State University, teaching a course on the history of modern foreign philosophy as a teaching aid for undergraduate and graduate students. Completed with the support of the Soros Foundation, within the framework of the “Renewal of Humanitarian Education in Russia” program, it was recommended as a textbook for universities and published in an extremely limited edition in 1994, which was, in accordance with the rules of the Soros Foundation, free of charge and completely distributed for Russian universities.