The book by Academician B. M. Kedrov examines the key problems of materialist dialectics as the theoretical core of the scientific worldview from the perspective of late Soviet philosophy. The outstanding Russian philosopher Bonifatiy Mikhailovich Kedrov was an excellent popularizer of science. He was able to speak about its most complex issues simply, clearly and figuratively. The book is recommended for specialist philosophers, teachers, graduate students, students and even schoolchildren. Everyone can find something in it.