This textbook reconstructs the history of philosophy from Antiquity to the present day. At the same time, the author tried to connect numerous links of the historical and philosophical process into a single chain and present the historical development of philosophy as a combination of discontinuity and continuity, innovation and tradition. The work shows that this kind of continuity takes place not only in the historical inheritance of philosophical ideas and principles, but also in the problematic field of philosophizing. Such a cross-cutting problem of the entire historical and philosophical process was and remains the question: what does it mean to be, or more precisely, how is it possible to think about what is. The entire history of philosophy is, in fact, the history of how being is thought and realized - the history of alternative answers to a given question. It is through the prism of this question that the continuous line of the historical and philosophical process is refracted. The textbook is intended for students of all specialties, teachers, as well as everyone who is interested in the panorama of historical and philosophical thought.