How are great discoveries made? How does science make the transition from existing knowledge to fundamentally different knowledge that does not logically follow from the previous one? These are no less complex problems than problems related to the hidden depths of the objective world. Are answers to these questions possible? Their search, the discovery of patterns, mechanisms and means of discovery is the goal of this research. The book is dedicated to scientists dedicated to the great cause of searching for truth, whose achievements ideologically and morally enrich us all.