The project "History of European Civilization" covers the period from ancient times to the 20th century and is divided into three main blocks: Antiquity: Rome, Greece, the Middle East| Middle Ages: Early Middle Ages, High Middle Ages, Late Middle Ages, XV century| Modernity: 16th–20th centuries. When creating this extraordinary project, its compiler - the outstanding Italian scholar-philosopher, literary critic, writer Umberto Eco (1932-2016) - was guided by a multidisciplinary principle: History, Philosophy, Mythology and Religion, Fine Arts, Literature, Science and Technology, Music. The articles for the chapters are written by leading Italian specialists in each field.The volume "The Renaissance. History. Philosophy. Science and Technology" covers the period of the so-called Cinquecento, that is, it covers the events that took place in various areas of European civilization during the 16th century. During this period, the formation of the modern State and European identity in the modern sense of the word continues.The year 1492 is considered the boundary separating the Renaissance from the Middle Ages. That is when the Reconquista ends, which finally frees Spain from the Moors and the influence of Islam - and this becomes the beginning of the Christian, or so-called European identity. Another key date of the Cinquecento is the year 1517, which marks the beginning of the Reformation, which in turn caused the Counter-Reformation, as a result of which the Catholic Church also changed, which could not but affect the strengthening of the positions of science and technology, as well as the development of philosophy and art.Thus, this volume tells about that aspect of European history, "when among the germs of renewal and intolerance to outdated sacred or secular sciences, a new idea of man and nature is formed, which significantly influenced the modern era." The publishing layout is saved in PDF A4 format.