In his astonishing debut, Jorge N. Ferrer dismantles and rebuilds the entire transpersonal project, articulating a more sophisticated, pluralistic, and spiritually grounded transpersonal theory. He applies the latest ideas in epistemology and philosophy of science to address fundamental questions in psychology and philosophy of religion. The first part of the book (Dismantling) describes the nature and origins of the dominant view that has hitherto guided transpersonal science and identifies some of its major conceptual limitations : subtle Cartesianism, spiritual narcissism, intrasubjective empiricism and reductionist universalism. In the second part of the book (Perestroika), Ferrer proposes a way of understanding transpersonal ideas in a new way, free from these restrictions - an approach to human spirituality from the point of view of participation, which not only makes transpersonal research more consistent with the values of spiritual quest, but also reveals a rich variety of spiritual liberations, spiritual worlds and even ultimate realities.