The five-volume History of Private Life is a comprehensive study created in the 1980s by a group of French, British and American scholars led by the renowned Annales School historians Philippe Ariès and Georges Duby. The five-volume book covers the entire history of the West from Antiquity to the end of the 20th century. The third volume tells how Europe and America enter the Modern Age: awareness of the idea of individuality, the spread of literacy, the religious Reformation influence private life, making it truly private for the first time, changing attitudes towards marriage, children and friendship, faith , etiquette and politics. CONTENTS: On the history of private life (Philippe Ariès) 6Chapter 1. Figures of modernity 27Introduction (Roger Chartier) 28Private life and politics (Yves Castan) 36Reformations: communal prayers and personal piety (François Lebrun) 87Practices of writing (Roger Chartier) 129Chapter 2. Forms of privatization 183Introduction (Roger Chartier) 184The use of politeness (Jacques Revel) 190Refuges of intimacy (Orestes Ranum) 238Differences of taste (Jean-Louis Flandrin) 295The child as an individual (Jacques Gélis) 341Private literature (Madeleine Foisil) 358Literary practices, or privacy publication (Jean- Marie Goulemo) 401Chapter 3. Community, state and family: development trajectories and conflict zones 445Introduction (Roger Chartier) 446Public and private (Nicole Castan) 452Friendship and sociability (Maurice Aimard) 497Families. Dwellings and cohabitation (Alain Collompe) 547Families. Private life against Kutyums (Daniel Farb) 587Families. Honor and Secrecy (Arlette Farge) 625Conclusion (Roger Chartier) 662Notes 666Bibliography 693Index 706