This is the second book from the new project “Myths of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact” by the famous historian Arsen Martirosyan. It is dedicated to a detailed exposure of the myths that surround the true history immediately preceding the conclusion of the Soviet-German non-aggression pact of August 23, 1939. In the analytical mode of intelligence-historical investigation, extensive historical material is used to show the little-known or completely unknown background of the conclusion of this treaty, the heated controversy around which has not subsided to this day. Particular attention in the book is paid to the trade and economic aspect of the conclusion of this agreement, since baseless attacks on the USSR and Stalin have not yet ceased for allegedly being “Hitler’s quartermasters,” which in reality was not the case at all. The book is full of interesting documents and facts, most of which are little known to the general readership.